Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a hormone primarily produced in the gut that plays a role in regulating blood sugar levels by enhancing insulin secretion, inhibiting glucagon release, and slowing gastric emptying.
Interestingly, the release of GLP-1 is influenced by the activation of bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) located in the gut. These receptors, originally thought to be confined to the tongue, have been discovered in various tissues throughout the body, including the gastrointestinal tract.
When bitter compounds are ingested, such as triterpenoids, alkaloids and flavonoids, they interact with these gut receptors, triggering a cascade of signaling events that lead to the secretion of GLP-1.
Other non-bitter plant components have also been found to enhance GLP-1 secretion. such as by modulation of gut microbiota, and promoting fermentation, increasing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Other pathways include modulation of hormone secretion through improving enteroendrocrine cell function and reduction of inflammation.
Enjoy a sampling of some of the most prominent herbs that are known to enhance GLP-1.
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