Costus (aka. Kuth, Putchuk; Saussurea costus, syn. Saussurea lappa) has been known since ancient times, and referred to in the Hebrew Bible and Talmud as a consecrated incense.
It is a robust perennial herb native to the Himalayan region that can reach up to 2 meters in height and features stout, simple stems with large, membranous leaves and bluish-purple to nearly black flower heads. The plant is notable for its thick, aromatic roots, which are the primary part used for medicinal and commercial purposes.
As Costus is a commonly traded medicinal plant in China and India, it has become overharvested in the wild and now considered endangered, so cultivation is important.
In traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda, Unani, Tibetan, and Chinese, the root of Saussurea costus has been used for centuries. It is commonly employed to treat respiratory conditions like asthma and cough, digestive disorders, skin diseases, rheumatism, and as an antispasmodic.
In traditional Chinese medicine it is considered one of the 50 fundamental herbs and is used for making joss sticks.
Costus is also used in Ayurvedic medicine as a rasayana with a focus for the Vata Dosha, focused at digestion, the respiratory system, pain, skin, cleansing and fertility. Classical Ayurvedic texts highlight Costus as one of the best herbs for external applications and oil massages to pacify Vata, making it a key ingredient in many pain-relieving oils and formulations for Vata-related disorders.
Beyond its medicinal uses, Saussurea costus roots are a valuable source of essential oil (costus oil), which is highly prized in the perfume industry for its musky scent and blending properties. The oil is also used in high-grade hair oils, incense, and as an insect repellent. In some regions, the plant’s roots and extracts have been used for dyeing textiles and as a component in traditional rituals. The plant’s aromatic nature has made it a sought-after commodity in international markets.
Costus is also used in personal care products for the hair and thought to darken greying hair.
Costus root is sometimes is also sometimes used as a spice and as a flavor.
Through scientific investigation, Costus has also been found to have anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, anticonvulsant, anticancer, arthritic, and antiviral activities.
A recent study demonstrated that Saussurea costus root extract significantly alleviated ulcerative colitis in animal models by regulating gut microbiota and reducing inflammation, supporting its traditional use for gastrointestinal ailments.
*This content is for informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended to provide medical advice or to take the place of such advice or treatment from a personal physician.
Vata Thistle 🌪️ 🌿
