Njansang (Ricinodendron heudelotii) is a fast-growing, deciduous tree reaching up to 50 meters, with large compound leaves and small, greenish flowers that develop into woody, ridged fruits containing oil-rich seeds. It is native to tropical Africa, particularly in the humid forests of West and Central Africa.
The tree has multiple uses: its seeds are a prized culinary ingredient in West and Central African cuisine, acting as a thickening agent in soups and stews; the oil extracted from the seeds is used for cooking, cosmetics, and soap production; itβs bark provides fiber for rope-making; while the wood, though soft, is utilized for light construction and fuel.
Additionally, the tree has applications in agroforestry for soil enrichment and erosion control.
In traditional medicine, various parts of the tree are used to treat ailments such as diarrhea, dysentery, and rheumatism, while its bark and leaves are employed for wound healing and fever reduction. The seeds are also valued for their ability to alleviate gastrointestinal issues and improve lactation in nursing mothers.
Scientific investigation of Njansang has found antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, anticancer and hepatoprotective activities.
A study investigating the nutritional and medicinal potential of Njansang seeds found that they are rich in essential fatty acids, proteins, and minerals, supporting their traditional use in nutrition and lactation. Among the bioactives present are Ξ±-eleostearic acid (up to 52% of the fatty acid content of the seed), linoleic acid (approx. 30%), palmitic acid (approx. 6%), stearic acid (approx. 6%), gallic acid, gallic acid ethyl ester, corilagin, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside, 1,4,6-tri-O-galloyl glucose, 3,4,6-tri-O-galloyl glucose, 1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl glucose, and 4,6-di-O-galloyl glucose.
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**This content is for informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended to provide medical advice or to take the place of such advice or treatment from a personal physician. Photo by Sam Rees.